SkinActive Micellar Cleansing Water All-in-1 Waterproof Makeup Remover

Ingredients

• Hexylene Glycol 7.8 ▾

  Hexylene glycol is a lightweight humectant and preservative booster used in skincare products to help retain moisture and improve product stability. It also enhances the penetration of other active ingredients into the skin.

  Benefits

  • Helps skin retain moisture
  • Improves product texture and spreadability
  • Enhances effectiveness of preservative systems

  Potential concerns

  • May cause mild irritation or redness in sensitive individuals (occurs in roughly 3% of eczema-prone skin)
  • Potential for delayed allergic contact reactions in susceptible people, though this is uncommon
  • Less irritating than propylene glycol under occlusion, but still worth avoiding if you have known sensitivities to glycols

  Science: A 1989 study found hexylene glycol caused visible skin reactions in 2.8% of eczema patients at high concentrations (30-50%), with potential for delayed allergic sensitization in rare cases. It was less irritating than propylene glycol. One case report mentions hexylene glycol as a potential allergen in medical formulations, though reactions are uncommon at typical cosmetic concentrations.

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• Disodium EDTA 8.2 ▾

  Disodium EDTA is a chelating agent that binds to metals and minerals in skincare formulations, helping to preserve product stability and extend shelf life. It's used in small amounts (typically under 2%) to prevent unwanted chemical reactions that could degrade the formula.

  Benefits

  • Stabilizes cosmetic formulations by binding trace metals
  • Extends product shelf life and maintains efficacy
  • Allows other skincare ingredients to work more effectively

  Potential concerns

  • May increase skin penetration of other ingredients by chelating calcium in the skin barrier—only a concern if combined with potentially harmful substances
  • Not absorbed through skin in normal use, but inhalation from sprays was identified as a theoretical concern in safety assessments

  Science: The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel confirmed safety in 2023 based on standard use concentrations. Clinical studies show no skin absorption; however, it can affect how other chemicals penetrate the skin, so formulators must account for this when combining with other actives.

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• Sodium Chloride 8.0 ▾

  Sodium chloride is common table salt, used in skincare products as a texture modifier, preservative, and to help balance formulations. In small amounts, it's generally well-tolerated by skin.

  Benefits

  • Helps preserve product stability
  • Can enhance skin hydration when used in appropriate concentrations
  • Improves product texture and consistency

  Potential concerns

  • High concentrations may irritate sensitive or compromised skin
  • Excessive topical salt exposure can potentially disrupt skin barrier function
  • May cause dryness or tightness in some individuals

  Science: Sodium chloride is a naturally occurring electrolyte essential to skin physiology. Research indicates the skin actively regulates sodium levels through complex mechanisms involving the endothelium, immune cells, and lymphatics; however, peer-reviewed data specifically addressing topical sodium chloride in cosmetic formulations at typical use levels is limited.

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• Polyaminopropyl Biguanide ▾

  Analysis not yet available for this ingredient.

• Aqua ▾

  Analysis not yet available for this ingredient.

• Potassium Phosphate 9.0 ▾

  Potassium phosphate is a mineral salt used in skincare formulations primarily as a pH buffer and conditioning agent. It helps maintain the product's stability and pH balance, though it has minimal direct benefit to skin itself.

  Benefits

  • Helps stabilize product pH
  • Acts as a mild conditioning agent
  • Supports product texture and consistency

  Science: The provided research focuses on potassium phosphate in medical contexts (kidney disease treatment and bone cement), not skincare applications. Limited peer-reviewed data is available specifically evaluating potassium phosphate as a topical skincare ingredient in cosmetic formulations.

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• Isohexadecane 8.5 ▾

  Isohexadecane is a lightweight synthetic oil used in skincare formulations to improve texture, spreadability, and how products feel on skin. It helps emulsions stay stable and gives products a smooth, non-greasy finish.

  Benefits

  • Creates a smooth, lightweight texture that spreads easily on skin
  • Helps skincare products absorb without a heavy or greasy feel
  • Improves product stability in emulsions

  Science: Research shows isohexadecane is used in oil-in-water emulsions to enhance spreadability and skin feel. Studies confirm it functions effectively as an emollient ingredient, though it has slightly higher instability in nano-emulsion systems compared to linear-chain oils with similar carbon numbers.

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• Cyclopentasiloxane 8.0 ▾

  Cyclopentasiloxane is a lightweight silicone fluid commonly used in skincare products as an emollient and slip agent. It helps products glide smoothly onto skin and creates a soft, silky feel without leaving a greasy residue.

  Benefits

  • Smooth application and comfortable feel
  • Lightweight moisturizing layer
  • Helps other ingredients spread evenly across skin

  Potential concerns

  • May not be suitable for acne-prone skin as it can be occlusive
  • Some people prefer to avoid silicones due to environmental concerns
  • Can accumulate on skin if not properly cleansed

  Science: Limited peer-reviewed data available for this ingredient in skincare efficacy studies. Cyclopentasiloxane is widely used in cosmetics and considered safe by regulatory bodies, though some environmental persistence concerns have been noted in chemical literature.

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• Dipotassium Phosphate 9.0 ▾

  Dipotassium phosphate is a mineral salt used in skincare formulations primarily as a pH buffer and nutrient. It helps maintain the product's stability and optimal pH level for skin application.

  Benefits

  • Helps stabilize product pH
  • Supports formula consistency
  • Allows other active ingredients to work effectively

  Science: Dipotassium phosphate is recognized as a safe, inert ingredient in cosmetic formulations. The provided research demonstrates its use as a nutrient source in microbial fermentation for polysaccharide production, confirming its biocompatibility, though direct skincare efficacy studies are limited.

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• Decyl Glucoside 7.0 ▾

  Decyl glucoside is a mild, plant-derived surfactant made from natural fatty alcohols and glucose. It's used in skincare products to cleanse the skin and help other ingredients mix together, and is generally gentler than many traditional detergents.

  Benefits

  • Mild cleansing action suitable for sensitive skin
  • Plant-based and renewable ingredient
  • Functions as an effective emulsifier to stabilize formulas

  Potential concerns

  • Can cause allergic contact dermatitis in sensitive individuals—cases of sensitization have increased since the early 2000s
  • May cross-react with other similar glucoside ingredients
  • Can be irritating if formulation is not properly balanced

  Science: The Cosmetic Ingredient Review panel concluded decyl glucoside is safe when used in non-irritating formulations at current concentrations. However, dermatology literature documents a steady rise in allergic contact dermatitis cases, particularly when it appears as a 'hidden' ingredient in sunscreens like Tinosorb M, making patch testing advisable for those with suspected sensitivities.

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