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Vitamin Enriched Face Base Moisturizer & Primer with Vitamin C + Hyaluronic Acid
BOBBI BROWN
$69.00 - $113.00
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Butylene glycol is a humectant—a type of ingredient that draws water into the skin and helps it stay hydrated. It's a small, lightweight molecule commonly used in moisturizers to improve hydration without leaving a heavy feel on the skin.
Benefits
- Increases skin hydration and moisture retention
- Lightweight and absorbs quickly
- Helps other active ingredients penetrate the skin more effectively
Science: Research demonstrates that butylene glycol, when combined with other humectants (like glycerin and hyaluronic acid) and occlusive ingredients in moisturizers, significantly improves skin hydration in both healthy skin and compromised skin conditions such as atopic dermatitis. It is recognized as a safe, effective humectant in dermatological formulations.
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Sodium hyaluronate is the salt form of hyaluronic acid, a naturally occurring substance found in your skin that acts like a moisture magnet. In skincare products, it absorbs water from the environment and binds it to your skin, helping to hydrate and plump the skin's surface.
Benefits
- Delivers intense hydration to the skin
- Helps reduce the appearance of fine lines by improving skin moisture
- Supports skin barrier function
- Suitable for all skin types, including sensitive and oily skin
Potential concerns
- In very dry climates with low humidity, it may draw moisture from deeper skin layers if not sealed with an occlusive product
- Rare allergic reactions are possible but extremely uncommon
Science: While the provided research focuses on intra-articular injections for joint health (showing good safety and efficacy), hyaluronic acid and its salt form are well-established in dermatology for topical hydration. The molecule's safety profile is well-documented across decades of use in medical and cosmetic applications, with severe adverse reactions being extremely rare.
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Tocopheryl acetate is a stable form of vitamin E, a fat-soluble antioxidant that helps protect skin from damage caused by free radicals and oxidative stress. It's commonly used in skincare products because it's more shelf-stable than other vitamin E forms and may help support the skin's natural barrier function.
Benefits
- Antioxidant protection against environmental damage
- Supports skin barrier health
- Stable ingredient with good shelf life in formulations
Science: Tocopheryl acetate is a well-established vitamin E ester that the body converts to free vitamin E for use. Research shows it functions as a lipid-soluble antioxidant; one recent study found it contributed to a moisturizer's beneficial effects on skin microbiota balance in atopic dermatitis models, though more direct clinical evidence on topical efficacy is limited.
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This is a thickening and stabilizing agent that helps give skincare products their texture and consistency. It works by absorbing water and forming a gel-like network, making products feel smooth and creamy on the skin without leaving a greasy residue.
Benefits
- Creates smooth, pleasant product texture
- Helps stabilize emulsions and prevent separation
- Allows for lightweight formulations that don't feel heavy
Science: Limited peer-reviewed data available for this ingredient. It is widely used in cosmetics and generally recognized as safe by regulatory bodies including the CosIng database and is approved for use in the EU and US.
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Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate is a stabilized form of vitamin C that is more shelf-stable than pure vitamin C. It's designed to deliver antioxidant benefits to skin, though research suggests it may be less effective at penetrating skin compared to other vitamin C formulations.
Benefits
- Antioxidant protection against sun damage and free radicals
- May support collagen stability and skin firmness
- More chemically stable than pure vitamin C, allowing longer product shelf life
Science: Research indicates that magnesium ascorbyl phosphate does not effectively increase active vitamin C levels in skin tissue compared to properly formulated L-ascorbic acid. While the ingredient shows promise for collagen stabilization and antioxidant activity in laboratory settings, clinical studies on its skincare efficacy remain limited, and formulation challenges exist in achieving optimal skin penetration.
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Panthenol is a lightweight humectant derived from pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) that draws moisture into the skin and helps maintain hydration. It also supports the skin barrier and can help soothe irritation, making it a popular choice in products designed for sensitive or compromised skin.
Benefits
- Hydrates and moisturizes the skin
- Helps calm and soothe irritated or sensitive skin
- Supports skin barrier function and repair
- Lightweight and non-greasy
Science: Panthenol is one of the few ingredients in sensitive skin formulations with clinical evidence specifically tested on volunteers with sensitive skin. Research confirms it reduces skin inflammation and supports barrier function, though comprehensive clinical studies on this ingredient remain limited compared to some alternatives.
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Chlorphenesin is a synthetic preservative used in skincare products to prevent bacterial and fungal growth, extending shelf life. It's a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent that helps keep products safe from contamination during storage and use.
Benefits
- Prevents microbial contamination in skincare formulations
- Extends product shelf life
- Allows formulas to remain stable without refrigeration
Potential concerns
- May cause irritation to sensitive eyes and eye area when present in eye products
- Degrades under UV exposure, potentially creating more harmful breakdown products
- Limited long-term safety data in peer-reviewed literature
Science: Research shows chlorphenesin can be toxic to eye tissue cells at approved concentrations, particularly affecting meibomian glands. When exposed to sunlight, it breaks down into compounds like 4-chlorophenol that may be more ecotoxic than the original ingredient, though systemic absorption in skincare is typically minimal.
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Yeast extract is a nutrient-rich ingredient derived from brewer's yeast that contains proteins, amino acids, nucleotides, and trace elements. In skincare, it's used to support skin repair and resilience, with potential benefits for anti-aging and wound healing.
Benefits
- May support collagen synthesis and skin firmness
- Provides antioxidant protection against oxidative stress
- Could improve skin barrier function and wound healing
- May help reduce inflammation and melanin production
Potential concerns
- May cause sensitivity or irritation in individuals allergic to yeast or fermented ingredients
- Limited human clinical trial data; most evidence comes from cell studies
Science: Research shows yeast extract is rich in bioactive compounds including nucleotides that enhance fibroblast activity (skin cell repair), and demonstrates antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in cell models. However, most published studies focus on yeast-derived extracts in food or enhanced formulations rather than direct topical skincare efficacy in human subjects.
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Squalane is a lightweight, skin-identical oil derived from squalene (a natural component of human sebum). It absorbs easily into the skin to lock in moisture and create a smooth, soft feel without leaving a greasy residue.
Benefits
- Hydrates and moisturizes skin
- Mimics skin's natural oils for better compatibility
- Lightweight emollient that doesn't clog pores
- Antioxidant properties
- Well-tolerated by most skin types
Science: The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel confirmed squalane is safe for cosmetic use at typical concentrations (2023). Research demonstrates skin hydrating and emollient activity, and squalane is naturally present in human sebum at ~13%, making it biocompatible with skin.
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Sodium Hydroxide is a strong alkaline chemical used in skincare products primarily as a pH buffer to neutralize acids and adjust the product's pH to safe levels for skin. It is not an active skincare ingredient and appears only in trace amounts in finished products.
Potential concerns
- In concentrated form, sodium hydroxide is caustic and can cause severe chemical burns; however, in cosmetic products it is diluted and pH-buffered to safe levels
- Undiluted or highly concentrated sodium hydroxide should never contact skin directly
Science: The provided research discusses sodium hydroxide only in a specialized medical context (10% solution for surgical cauterization of ingrown toenails), which is not relevant to cosmetic skincare use. In properly formulated skincare products, sodium hydroxide is used in minimal concentrations solely for pH adjustment and is considered safe by regulatory bodies including the FDA and EU.
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Bis-Diglyceryl Polyacyladipate-2 is a synthetic emollient and emulsifier used in skincare and lip care products to create a smooth texture and help blend water and oil-based ingredients together. It provides a soft, comfortable feel on the skin.
Benefits
- Creates smooth, blended textures in products
- Helps keep skin feeling soft and moisturized
- Improves product spreadability and application
Potential concerns
- May trigger allergic contact dermatitis in sensitive individuals
- Potential for cross-reactivity with other polyacyladipate compounds
Science: A 2021 case study in Contact Dermatitis documented allergic contact dermatitis linked to this ingredient in a lip balm formulation. While the ingredient is generally well-tolerated, consumers with sensitive skin or a history of cosmetic allergies should be cautious and perform patch testing.
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Limonene is a natural fragrance compound found in citrus oils and other plants. It's used in skincare products primarily to provide a fresh, lemon-like scent and may have mild preservative properties.
Benefits
- Provides natural fragrance
- May help preserve products
- Derived from natural plant sources
Potential concerns
- Can cause skin irritation or allergic contact dermatitis in sensitive individuals
- May oxidize over time, potentially becoming more irritating
- Inhalation of high concentrations may pose concerns; use caution with products prone to aerosolization
Science: Limonene is a widely used fragrance component in cosmetics derived from essential oils. However, research indicates that monoterpenes like limonene can exhibit hepatotoxic properties and penetrate skin readily; while cosmetic concentrations are typically low, individuals with sensitive skin or fragrance allergies should exercise caution.
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Linalool is a naturally occurring fragrant compound found in lavender and other plants, commonly used in skincare products for its pleasant scent. It's a volatile component of essential oils and plant extracts that contributes to the aromatic profile of formulations.
Benefits
- Provides natural fragrance to skincare products
- Derived from plants traditionally associated with calming and relaxation properties
- Part of essential oil blends used in aromatherapy applications
Potential concerns
- May cause skin irritation or allergic contact dermatitis in sensitive individuals
- Can oxidize when exposed to air, potentially creating irritant byproducts
- Lavender extracts containing linalool have estrogenic and antiandrogenic properties — topical application near the breast should be avoided
Science: Lavender, which contains linalool as a major compound, is recognized as generally safe (GRAS) by the FDA. However, limited peer-reviewed safety data exists specifically for linalool in topical skincare formulations, and individual sensitivity varies. Caution is warranted for prolonged or concentrated use, particularly in sensitive populations.
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Carbomer is a thickening agent and stabilizer that gives skincare products their gel-like texture. It helps create a smooth, spreadable consistency and can hold active ingredients in place on the skin for better absorption.
Benefits
- Creates a smooth, easy-to-apply gel texture
- Helps stabilize and thicken formulations
- Can improve how long active ingredients stay on the skin
- Allows better delivery of beneficial compounds into deeper skin layers
Potential concerns
- Can occasionally cause irritation or sensitivity in very reactive skin types
- Requires proper pH adjustment in formulations (formulators use this, not consumers)
Science: Research shows carbomer is commonly used as a gel base in advanced skincare delivery systems, including those designed for anti-inflammatory and healing treatments. Studies indicate it effectively works with active ingredients like nanoparticles and botanical extracts to improve their penetration and efficacy on skin.
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Grapefruit peel oil is a natural extract obtained from the peel of grapefruit that's used in skincare for its fresh scent and potential skin-brightening properties. It contains vitamin C and antioxidant compounds that may help protect skin and improve appearance, though it's typically used in small concentrations.
Benefits
- Antioxidant protection from free radicals
- May help brighten and even out skin tone
- Natural fragrance and uplifting scent
Potential concerns
- Can cause photosensitivity in some people, especially at higher concentrations
- May irritate sensitive or reactive skin
- Risk of contact dermatitis in individuals with citrus sensitivity
Science: Limited peer-reviewed data available for this ingredient in skincare formulations. Citrus peel oils generally contain limonene and other compounds with antioxidant potential, but safety and efficacy data specific to grapefruit peel oil in cosmetics is sparse.
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Glyceryl stearate is a natural emulsifier and thickener derived from vegetable oils and glycerin. It helps bind water and oil together in skincare formulas, creating a smooth texture while providing mild moisturizing properties.
Benefits
- Helps create stable, smooth product textures
- Mild emollient that softens skin
- Derived from natural sources (vegetable-based)
Science: The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel confirmed in 2023 that glyceryl stearate and related glyceryl diesters are safe for cosmetic use at standard concentrations. Research indicates the ingredient has a skin-safe pH profile and demonstrates good stability in formulations.
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Analysis not yet available for this ingredient.
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Citronellol is a natural fragrance compound found in essential oils like rose geranium and citrus plants. It's used in skincare products primarily to provide a pleasant floral scent and may offer mild antibacterial and antifungal properties.
Benefits
- Provides natural fragrance
- May have antibacterial activity
- May have antifungal activity
Potential concerns
- May cause contact sensitization in sensitive individuals
- Can trigger allergic reactions in people with fragrance sensitivities
Science: Citronellol is recognized as a valued natural fragrance component in cosmetics derived from essential oils. While traditionally used for potential antibacterial and antifungal benefits, most claims lack robust scientific validation in peer-reviewed literature.
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Geraniol is a fragrant compound found naturally in essential oils, particularly rose geranium. It's used in skincare products primarily to provide a pleasant floral scent and may contribute mild antibacterial and antifungal properties.
Benefits
- Pleasant floral fragrance
- Potential antibacterial activity
- Potential antifungal activity
Potential concerns
- May cause skin irritation or allergic contact dermatitis in sensitive individuals
- Natural origin does not guarantee safety for all users
Science: Geraniol is recognized as a fragrance component from essential oils with reported antibacterial and antifungal potential, though clinical validation of these benefits in skincare formulations is limited. The ingredient has historical use in traditional remedies, but most specific skincare efficacy claims lack robust scientific validation.
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Cetyl alcohol is a fatty alcohol derived from natural sources like palm oil that works as an emollient and thickening agent in skincare products. It helps create a smooth texture, improve product consistency, and soften the skin by forming a light protective layer.
Benefits
- Softens and moisturizes skin
- Improves product texture and spreadability
- Helps stabilize emulsions (creams and lotions)
Potential concerns
- Very rare allergic reactions or contact sensitivity in susceptible individuals
- May cause mild irritation in products with high concentrations
Science: Cetyl alcohol has a long history of safe use in topical cosmetics with established safety data. Research indicates it forms nanostructured systems that interact well with skin and does not cause irritation or cellular toxicity in standard formulations.
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Cyclopentasiloxane is a lightweight silicone fluid commonly used in skincare products as an emollient and slip agent. It helps products glide smoothly onto skin and creates a soft, silky feel without leaving a greasy residue.
Benefits
- Smooth application and comfortable feel
- Lightweight moisturizing layer
- Helps other ingredients spread evenly across skin
Potential concerns
- May not be suitable for acne-prone skin as it can be occlusive
- Some people prefer to avoid silicones due to environmental concerns
- Can accumulate on skin if not properly cleansed
Science: Limited peer-reviewed data available for this ingredient in skincare efficacy studies. Cyclopentasiloxane is widely used in cosmetics and considered safe by regulatory bodies, though some environmental persistence concerns have been noted in chemical literature.
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Tetrasodium EDTA is a chelating agent that binds to metals and minerals in skincare formulas. It helps preserve product stability, prevent discoloration, and can enhance the penetration of other active ingredients into the skin.
Benefits
- Stabilizes formulations by binding unwanted metals and minerals
- Helps prevent oxidation and extends product shelf life
- May enhance penetration of other skincare actives
Potential concerns
- May increase skin penetration of other ingredients—formulators must ensure all combined ingredients are safe for absorption
- Not absorbed through skin in typical use, but inhalation from sprays should be minimized
- Used at very low concentrations (typically under 2%) to minimize any systemic exposure
Science: The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel confirmed EDTA salts are safe in cosmetic use at current concentrations (2023). Skin absorption is negligible, though the ingredient can affect how readily other chemicals penetrate the skin due to its chelating properties.
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Analysis not yet available for this ingredient.
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Analysis not yet available for this ingredient.
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Analysis not yet available for this ingredient.
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Shea butter is a natural fat extracted from the nuts of the shea tree, native to Africa. In skincare, it works as a moisturizer and conditioning agent, helping to soften and protect the skin by forming a protective barrier.
Benefits
- Deep moisturizing and hydration
- Skin conditioning and softening
- May help reduce appearance of dry patches
Potential concerns
- May cause sensitization in some individuals—formulations should be tested for non-sensitizing properties
- Quality varies depending on processing; impurities in poorly processed shea butter could be a concern
Science: A 2024 safety assessment by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel concluded that shea-derived ingredients are safe at current concentrations and practices of use when formulated to be non-sensitizing. The Panel noted that formulators should be aware of similar constituents in other botanical ingredients to avoid hazardous levels when combined, and should use good manufacturing practices to limit impurities.
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Sorbitan Stearate is a gentle emulsifier derived from sorbitol (a natural sugar alcohol) and stearic acid (a fatty acid). It helps blend water and oil-based ingredients together in skincare products, creating a smooth, stable texture.
Benefits
- Helps create smooth, well-blended formulations
- Mild on skin with minimal irritation potential
- Non-sensitizing for most users
Potential concerns
- May cause mild skin irritation in sensitive individuals
- Rare allergic reactions reported in fewer than 1% of people with contact dermatitis
Science: The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel concluded Sorbitan Stearate is safe for cosmetic use. Clinical and animal studies showed it is generally a minimal to mild skin irritant and non-sensitizing, with no mutagenic or reproductive toxicity concerns at typical use levels (usually under 10%).
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Analysis not yet available for this ingredient.
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Beta-carotene is a natural orange pigment found in plants that your body can convert to vitamin A. In skincare, it acts as an antioxidant to help protect skin from damage caused by free radicals and UV exposure.
Benefits
- Antioxidant protection against free radicals linked to skin aging
- May help defend against UV-related skin damage when used alongside sunscreen
- Supports skin's natural defense systems against oxidative stress
Potential concerns
- Oral supplements at high doses (30 mg+) showed no measurable benefit in preventing skin aging over 4.5 years in clinical trials
- Topical application evidence is limited; most research focuses on dietary intake or oral supplements
Science: Beta-carotene is recognized as one of skin's natural antioxidant defense compounds alongside vitamins C and E. However, a large randomized controlled trial found that oral beta-carotene supplementation (30 mg daily) did not slow skin aging compared to placebo, suggesting topical application may have limited practical benefit for photoaging prevention.
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Methyl Glucose Sesquistearate is an emulsifier and texture-modifier derived from glucose and stearic acid. It helps stabilize skincare formulations by allowing water and oil to blend smoothly, while also improving the thickness and spreadability of creams and sunscreens.
Benefits
- Stabilizes emulsions for a smooth, consistent product texture
- Improves how products spread and feel on skin
- Enhances film-forming properties in sunscreens and protective products
- Creates a thicker, more luxurious texture without greasiness
Science: Research shows this ingredient significantly improves the rheological properties (thickness and flow behavior) of skincare formulations, particularly in sunscreens. It produces a pseudoplastic texture that thins under application for better spreadability, making it a preferred choice in professional cosmetic development.
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Analysis not yet available for this ingredient.
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Dimethicone Crosspolymer is a silicone-based ingredient that acts as a thickener and texture modifier in skincare products. It helps create a smooth, lightweight feel and can improve how products spread across the skin without leaving a greasy residue.
Benefits
- Creates a smooth, non-greasy texture
- Helps products glide evenly on skin
- Improves product stability and consistency
Science: Dimethicone crosspolymers are widely used in cosmetics and are generally recognized as safe by regulatory bodies including the CosIng database. Limited peer-reviewed data available specifically for this ingredient, but the safety profile is supported by extensive industry use and regulatory approval.
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Analysis not yet available for this ingredient.
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