Saccharide isomerate is a naturally derived carbohydrate blend that acts as a humectant, drawing moisture into the skin and helping to strengthen the skin barrier. It has a long history of use in moisturizing formulations and is particularly studied for its ability to improve hydration and reduce water loss from the skin.
Benefits
Improves skin hydration and reduces transepidermal water loss (TEWL)
Supports skin barrier function and repair
May help reduce scalp flaking, oiliness, and itching
Calms inflammation and reduces sensitivity in reactive skin
May help improve fine lines and skin firmness
Science: Clinical studies demonstrate that saccharide isomerate significantly improves scalp conditions including dandruff and sebum control in 28-day trials. When combined with ribose and fructooligosaccharides (as Encorelane), it shows measurable benefits for sensitive skin barrier function, reduced inflammatory markers, and improved appearance of fine lines in 6-week clinical studies.
Potassium hydroxide is a strong alkaline chemical used in skincare products primarily as a pH buffer and emulsifier to neutralize acids and help blend oil and water-based ingredients. In cosmetics, it's used in very small amounts to adjust and maintain product pH.
Benefits
pH adjustment and stabilization
Helps create stable emulsions in creams and lotions
Enables mixing of incompatible ingredients
Potential concerns
Can cause skin irritation or chemical burns if used at high concentrations
May disrupt skin's natural pH if product formulation is inadequate
Requires careful formulation to ensure safe levels for consumer use
Science: The provided research discusses potassium hydroxide only as a laboratory diagnostic tool (KOH wet-mount preparation for fungal testing), not as an active skincare ingredient. Limited peer-reviewed data exists specifically on potassium hydroxide safety in cosmetic formulations at consumer-use concentrations. Safety depends entirely on proper dilution and formulation by manufacturers.
Glycerin is a naturally-derived humectant—a substance that draws water into the skin from the air and deeper skin layers. It's a common moisturizing ingredient used across skincare products to improve hydration and skin softness.
Benefits
Increases skin hydration by attracting moisture to the outer layers
Helps maintain skin barrier function and protects against dryness
Generally well-tolerated and suitable for most skin types, including sensitive skin
Science: A comprehensive safety assessment by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel concluded that glycerin is safe as used in cosmetics. Research supports its role as a humectant and skin conditioning agent, and it has been studied as part of broader skincare treatments for conditions like seborrheic dermatitis.
